Fundamentals of Computer – MS Word Lab Programs (Manual)

COMPUTER PRACTICE LABORATORY – I

Exercise No: 1

Title : Document creation, Text manipulation with Scientific Notations

1. Perform the following in MS-Word

i. Create a new word document and type the following text:

A ROBOT IN THE HOUSE

Corection. You are in error. You are misinforming your father. Correction. The work has not been done. Your computer has not been used. ERROR, ERROR”. The robot’s voice was metallic.

TARUN: You are so lucccky Aditi! Manku can do so many things. It can clean the house. It can answer the telephone, call the doctor and it can even open the door.

ADITI: Wait! There are so many things it can’t do. It can’t laugh. It can’t do MY HOMEWORK FOR ME. It can’t even help me decide what should I wear for the party.

ii. Save the document as DOCUMENT.DOC

iii. Insert the following text before the conversation between Aditi and Tarun

“Oh! Stop interrupting, Manku”. Aditi said angrily. “You’re are not supposed to participate in every conversation”

iv. Make the story heading bold, italic and 14 pts.

v. Change the font style of entire story to MS-Comic Sans

vi. Select the heading of the document, cut and paste it at the end of the document

vii. Undo the previous action

viii. Select the first two lines of the paragraph and convert it to uppercase ix. Change all the uppercase letters to lowercase and vice-versa

x. Change the font style of the last paragraph 12 pts bold italic xi. Copy this format to the first paragraph using format painter

xii. Highlight the second paragraph (Hint: use highlighter or formatting toolbar)

xiii. Change the font size of the entire text to 14 pts

xiv. Make a copy of this document with a different name (MYBOOK.DOC)

xv. Select the second paragraph of DOCUMENT.DOC and delete it xvi. Undo the above action and see the effect

xvii. Redo the above action and see the effect

xviii. Delete the entire document(DOCUMENT.DOC)

xix. Open the document MYBOOK.DOC

xx. Show all the nonprinting characters in this document.

2. Open document MYBOOK.DOC and perform the following task.

i. Note down the default margins of MYBOOK.DOC

ii. Format the first paragraph with the following measurements: Alignment:justified

Indentation:Left:0.4”, Right:0.4” Special: First line by 0.5”

Line spacing: 1.5 lines

iii. In the end of MYBOOK.DOC type:

MANKU IS A ROBOT NOT A HUMAN BEING.

Make 12 copies of the statement written above and apply all the text attributes

iv. Using different tab stops type the following data in the next page of

MYBOOK.DOC

APEX POLYMERS

S.No	Emp#	Employee Name	Address	Salary
1	E001	Aditi	31/9,Dr.Mukherjee Nagar	4000
2	E002	Bharti	1292, Jawahar Colony	3000
3	E003	Pradeep	19/12,Dr.Mukherjee Nagar	3050
4	E004	Arora	A-91,Jawahar Colony	8000
5	E005	Narula	63/2,Patel Nagar	4000
6	E006	Kaur	72/9,Outram Lines	2050
7	E007	Savita	19/AZ, Dr.Mukherjee Nagar	3050
8	E008	Gaurav	A6/212,Panchakula	6750
9	E009	Avneet	101/B6,Outerm lines	5000
10	E010	Kriti	28/222,Nirankari Colony	4000

v. Give a border to the above written text

vi. Search for the word ROBOT and replace it with ‘ROBOT machine’

vii. Write the following text in the next page of the same document (MYBOOK.DOC)

viii. Insert a page break before the conversation between Tarun and Aditi

ix. Open a new document and insert the table with the following data:

First Name Last Name Phone Address

Sangeeta	Malik	5236987	32/8,Dr.Mukherjee Nagar
Preeti	Ahuja	1457896	A-E/269,Shalimar Bagh
Meenu	Kataria	205623	B-P/81,B.P.Colony
Mandeep	Kaur	4579681	25/K9,Outram Lines
Teena	Gulati	1257936	SU-23,Dr.Mukherjee Nagar

x. Save and close the document with address.doc

xi. Again open the document MYBOOK.DOC and go to the end of the document in one step

xii. Print preview the page containing the drawing features and use the zoom feature to view this in different percentages.

xiii. Print only this page of your document

xiv. Use the auto correct feature of work to add short forms for: I. AP Apex Polymers

II. V & A Vicky & Associates

III. BPL British Petroleum Limited

IV. PACE PACE Academy of Computer Education

V. IP Informatics Practices

xv. Provide headers and footers in MYBOOK.DOC (headers should be different for first page, even and odd pages). For first page give header “A ROBOT IN THE HOUSE”. For even page give header “MY DOCUMENT” and right align it, for odd pages give header “ODD PAGE” page and left align it. Also provide page numbers as footer(centrally align)

xvi. Type in the following contents in the same document MYBOOK.DOC

A word processor (such as MS Word) is a computer program that enables you to create, edit, print and save documents for future retrieval and revision.

In case of typewriter, input and output are inseparable. It means, whenever a key is depressed i.e., input is fed to machine, a character is printed on the sheet i.e, an output is generated. Thus, one is denied the facility to shape the output separately. Even in the case of electronic typewriters with memory, the storage capacity for text an facilities for its manipulation are extremely limited. Facility for storing the input to some external medium before producing the output provided an ideal solution to this problem.

Convert the above text in two column text.

xvii. Spell check your document an correct all the grammatical as well as spelling mistakes

xviii. Close your document

3. Edit the following documents

· Select Insert menu and click the object

· Include the Formula Editor

· Edit the above formulas

· Save the document

· Close the documents

Exercise No: 2

Title : Table creation, Table formatting and Conversion

i. Open a new document and insert a table with the following data: First Name Last Name Phone Address

Sangeeta Malik 5236987 32/8,Dr.Mukherjee Nagar Preeti Ahuja 1457896 A-E/269,Shalimar Bagh Meenu Kataria 3205623 B-P/81,B.P.Colony Mandeep Kaur 4579681 25/K9,Outram Lines

Teena Gulati 1257936 SU-23,Dr.Mukherjee Nagar ii. Save the document with address.doc

iii. Select the first Row and Bold the Text.

iv. Align the text in the first row to “Center” and align the text in the remaining rows to “Left”.

v. Insert a New Column to the beginning of the table with the following data. S.No

1

2

3

4

5

vi. Add a New Row to the End of the Table. vii. Insert a New Row between 3 and 4

viii. Insert a New Column between 4th and 5th Column. ix. Change the size of the second column’s width.

x. Sort the data according to alphabetical order of “First Name”. xi. Delete the third row and third Column from the table.

xii. Create a new row at the top of your table, merge the cells, and add a title to the table.

xiii. Convert the given text into a table. Color, Style, Item

Blue, A980, Van Red, X023, Car Green, YL724, Truck Name, Age, Gender Madhumitha, 23, F Venkatesh, 31, M Veena, 29, F

xiv. Split the above table into two tables

xv. Apply Borders, Shading and Color to the table.

xvi. Spell check your document and correct all the grammatical as well as spelling mistakes

xvii. Save the above document as table.doc. xviii. Close your document.

EX NO : 3

Title : Advertisement

Create the above advertisement in word.

1.Open a new word document.

2.Type the heading and select the font as Times New Roman, font style as Title color and the font size as appropriate.

3.Insert the appropriate picture.

4.Select any one WordArt Style and insert in the document.

5.Type the given article and make it into two columns.

6.Insert the given shapes.

7.Apply border to the entire page.

8.Insert header and footer and add the necessary details.

9.Save the document as advertisement.doc.

EX No: 4

Title : Mail Merge

i) Open a new document and type the following letter.

Sep 15, 2008,

Chennai.

From

VENKATESH .P

Sri Ranga Apartments,

No: 120, II Avenue,

T. Nagar. Chennai-17.

To

Dear Sir/Madam,

With the current slow down in hiring within the high- tech field, you must be flooded with resumes from out-placed software engineers such as myself. Please take a moment to consider my qualifications. I believe in particular is highly marketable in this tight market:

I worked on the team that pioneered the technology that put the PalmPilot on the map.

In today’s increasingly mobile society, this technology has places to go, and I have ideas that could take us to the next step in office independence.

Please call me with prospective job opportunities. I am interested in a project management position in the $95K range.

Thank you!

Venkatesh.

Enclosure: Resume.

i. Save the document as “Letter.doc.”

ii. Send the document to 10 recipients using Mail merge. (Use 10 different addresses)

iii. Close the document.

Exercise No: 5

Title : Drawing Flowcharts

Draw flowcharts for the following:

a. To find largest of three numbers A, B and C. b. To find the sum of first 50 natural numbers. c. To generate prime numbers up to N.

d. To generate the Fibonacci series of N numbers.

e. To compute factorial N (N!) where N! = 1*2*3*....*N

f. To find whether the given number is an Armstrong number or not. g. To arrange the given data in ascending order using function.

h. To read a number N and print it’s all divisors.

 

Exercise No: 6

Title : CHARTS – Line, XY, Bar and Pie

SPREAD SHEET

To analyze the marks of I year IT students

i) Enter the above data in a worksheet and save the workbook as student.xls ii) Calculate total and average for each student.

iii) Save the workbook again.

iv) Draw a pie chart to denote the names Vs total marks. v) Try out various charts.

Fundamentals of Computer – C – programs Lab Programs (Manual)

Fundamentals of Computer – C – programs 

 

1) Write a program to input the rainfall of three consecutive days in CMS and find its average.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
float a,b,c,avg;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the rainfalls of three days in Cms:");
scanf("%f %f %f",&a,&b,&c);
avg=(a+b+c)/3;
printf("Average rainfall is %g ",avg);
getche();
}

OUTPUT
Enter the rainfalls of three days in Cms: 95 78 85
Average rainfall is 86

Explanation In the above program rainfall of three days are entered. Their sum is and average are calculated. Average is displayed.

2) Find the simple interest. Inputs are principal amount, period in year and rate of  interest.

 

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int p,n;
float r,si;
clrscr();
printf("Enter principle amount(p),period(n)in year & rate(r):\n");
scanf("%d%d%f",&p,&n,&r);
si=p*n*r/100;
printf("Simple interest =%.2f ",si);
getche();
}

OUTPUT

Enter principle amount(p),period(n)in year & rate(r):
2000 2 12
Simple interest =480.00

Explanation In the above program principle amount, period year and rate are entered.  The interest calculated and stored. In variable si. The value of si is displayed with printf () statement. It is a simple interest.
 
3) Write a program to find total number of minutes of 12 hours.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int m,h=12;
clrscr();
m=h*60;
printf("Total no. of minutes in 12 hours =%d",m);
getche();
} 
 

OUTPUT

Total no. of minutes in 12 hours =720
Explanation The total number of hours are multiplied by 60 to obtain total minutes and stored in variable m. The value of m is displayed on the screen.

4) Find the area and perimeter of a) square b) rectangle. Input the side(s) through the keyboard.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
float s,b,w,as,ar,ps,pr;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the side of square(s),breath(b) and width(w) of rectangle:\n");
scanf("%f%f%f",&s,&b,&w);
as=s*s;
ar=b*w;
ps=4*s;
pr=2*(b+w);
printf("Area of square =%.2f\nArea of rectangle =%.2f",as,ar);
printf("\nPerimeter of square=%.2f\nPerimeter of rectangle=%.2f",ps,pr);
getche();
} 
 

OUTPUT

Enter the side of square(s),breath(b) and width(w) of rectangle:
10 5 20
Area of square =100.00
Area of rectangle =100.00
Perimeter of square=40.00
Perimeter of rectangle=50.00

Explanation the values such as breath, width are entered. Using appropriate formulas area of square, area of rectangle, perimeter of square and perimeter of rectangle are calculated.

5) Accept any three numbers and find their squares and cubes.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
float n1,n2,n3,s1,s2,s3,c1,c2,c3;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the three Nos.:");
scanf("%f%f%f",&n1,&n2,&n3);
s1=n1*n1;
s2=n2*n2;
s3=n3*n3;
c1=n1*n1*n1;
c2=n2*n2*n2;
c3=n3*n3*n3;
printf("Number=%.2f its square =%.2f its cube =%.2f",n1,s1,c1);
printf("\nNumber=%.2f its square =%.2f its cube =%.2f",n2,s2,c2);
printf("\nNumber=%.2f its square =%.2f its cube =%.2f",n3,s3,c3);
getche();
}

OUTPUT

Enter the three Nos.:2 3 4
Number=2.00 its square =4.00 its cube =8.00
Number=3.00 its square =9.00 its cube =27.00
Number=4.00 its square =16.00 its cube =64.00
Explanation In the above program two numbers are entered. Square and cube are calculated and displayed.

6) The speed of a van is 80 km / hour. Find the number of hours required for
covering a distance of 500 km.Write a program in this regard.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
float s=80,d=500,t;
clrscr();
t=d/s;
printf("Time required for van is %.2f hours:",t);
getche();
}
 

OUTPUT

Time required for van is 6.25 hours:
Explanation In the above program total distance is divided by speed /hour. The obtained
value is nothing but required hours.

7) Write a program to convert Inches to Centimeters.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
float i,c;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the no. of Inches:");
scanf("%f",&i);
c=2.54*i;
printf("%.2f inches =%.2fCms",i,c);
getche();
}

OUTPUT

Enter the no. of Inches:36
36.00 inches =91.44Cms
Explanation In the above program no. of inches are entered. To convert it in CMS, inches are multiplied by 2.54 and stored in variable c. The value of c is displayed on the screen.

8) Write a program to enter the name of this book and display it.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
char b[40];
clrscr();
printf("Enter the name of this book:");
gets(b);
printf("Name of this book is %s",b);
getche();
}

OUTPUT

Enter the name of this book: Programming with ANSI and Turbo C
Name of this book is Programming with ANSI and Turbo C
Explanation In the above program a character array b [40] is displayed. Using gets () the
name of book is entered. It is displayed using printf () statement.

9) Write a program to store and interchange two float numbers in variables a & b.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
float a,b,c;
clrscr();
printf("Enter any two Nos:");
scanf("%f%f",&a,&b);
c=a;
a=b;
b=c;
printf("Nos.after interchanging a=%.2f b=%.2f",a,b);
getche();
}

OUTPUT

Enter any two Nos:4.8 9.6
Nos.after interchanging a=9.60 b=4.80

Explanation Two float values are entered. Using third variable values are interchanged.
 
10) Write a program to enter text with gets () and display it using printf () statement also find the length of the text.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
# include <string.h>
void main()
{
char text[20];
int l;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the text:");
gets (text);
printf("Entered text is: %s",text);
l=strlen(text);
printf("\nThe length of entered text is %d",l);
getche();
}

 
OUTPUT
 
Enter the text:kamthane
Entered text is: kamthane
The length of entered text is 8

Explanation Using gets () string is entered. Using printf () statement without format string, string is displayed. The printf () statement returns total number of characters displayed. The return value is stored in variable l and displayed.
 
11) Write a program to ensure that the subtraction of any two-digit number and its reverse is always multiple of nine. For example entered number is 54 and it’s reverse is 45. The difference between them is 9.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
# include <math.h>
void main()
{
int n,a,b,rn,s=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter any two digit no.");
scanf("%d",&n);
a=n/10;
b=n%10;
rn=(10*b)+a; //reverse of no.
printf("Reverse of No. is %d",rn);
s=abs(rn-n);
printf("\n Substraction of above Nos is %d",s);
if (s%9==0)
printf("\n Which is a multiple of 9\n");
else
printf("\n Substraction is not multiple of 9");
getche();
}

OUTPUT

Enter any two digit no.25
Reverse of No. is 52
Substraction of above Nos is 27
Which is a multiple of 9

Explanation In the above program an integer is entered and its reverse number is obtained. Modular operation with nine is performed on variable s. The difference between them is obtained. It absolute value is taken. Modular operation with nine is performed on absolute value. If the remainder is zero, the difference of the above number is multiple of nine.
 
12) Write a program to convert kilograms to grams.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
# include <string.h>
void main()
{
float k,g;
clrscr();
printf("Enter weight in kilogram:");
scanf("%f",&k);
g=k*1000;
printf("The calculated weight in grams is: %.2f",g);
getche();
}

OUTPUT
Enter weight in kilogram:3.5
The calculated weight in grams is: 3500.00
 
13) Write a program to find the total amount when there are 5 notes of Rs.100 , 3 notes of Rs.50 & 20 notes of Rs.20.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int h=100,f=50,t=20,g;
clrscr();
g=5*h+3*f+20*t;
printf("The total amount in Rs is %d",g);
getche();
}

OUTPUT

The total amount in Rs is 1050
Explanation In the above program using multiplication operation sum of rupees is calculated and displayed.
 
14) Write a program to enter the temperature in Fahrenheit and convert it to
Celsius. Formula to be used is tc= ((tf-32)*5)/9 where tc and tf are temperatures in Celsius and Fahrenheit respectively.

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
# include <string.h>
void main()
{
float tc,tf;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the temperature in Fahrenheit:");
scanf("%f",&tf);
tc=((tf-32)*5)/9;
printf("The calculated temperature in Celsius is: %.2f",tc);
getche();
}

OUTPUT
Enter the temperature in Fahrenheit: 100
The calculated temperature in Celsius is: 37.78
 
15) Write a program to display list of c program files and directories. Use system () function to execute Dos commands.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
# include <process.h>
void main ()
{
clrscr();
system("dir *.c");
}

Explanation In the above program the system () function is used to invoke dos
command. The command “dir *.c” is given as argument in the system command.

Engineering Graphics–Introduction and Drawing Instruments

Engineering Drawing

Introduction

A picture is worth saying a thousand words; hence drawings are used to visually communicate ideas, thoughts, and designs. Drawings drawn by an engineer for engineering purposes is Engineering Drawing.

Drawing is the Universal Graphical Language of Engineers, spoken, read and written in its own way. Engineers must have perfect drawing skills and excellent working knowledge of engineering concepts. An inaccurate drawing may misguide the workman and ultimately affect

the production.

Objectives

In this, the first session, you'll be looking at drawing instruments and the typical accessories used in drawing. On completion of the session, you should be able to:

• Identify various types of drawing instruments and their uses.

• Classify drawing sheets and the different grades of drawing pencils.

• Draw the layout and title block on a drawing sheet.

• Use the lettering and dimensioning techniques in common practice.

Drawing Instruments

The Drawing Board

The D2 or D3 drawing boards are usually used in polytechnics and engineering colleges. Drawing boards are made of well-seasoned softwood such as Oak or Pine. The standard sizes of drawing boards as per BIS (1444-1977) are given in the table.

The Drawing Sheet

The standard sizes of drawing sheets as per BIS (10711-1983) are given in the table. The ratio of the width of a drawing sheet to its length is 1: !2.

The drawing sheet should be tough and strong and its fibers should not disintegrate when an eraser is used on its surface.

Minidrafter:

A minidrafter is a device with two scales set at right angles to each other. It combines the functions of a T-square, setsquares, scales and a protractor. It can be easily and quickly moved to any location on the drawing sheet without altering the scales.

The T-Square

A T-square is mainly used together with setsquares for drawing horizontal lines, angles and perpendicular lines. There are two essential parts of a T-square, namely the stock and the blade. The blade is fitted with ebony or a plastic piece to form the working edge of the T-square. The stock and the blade of a T-square are held together at right angles to each other. T-squares are made of hard quality wood such as teak or mahogany, etc.

Instrument Box

The instrument box contains the following instruments and accessories.

• Compasses-Large compasses and Bow compasses

• Dividers-Plain Dividers and Bow Dividers

• An Inking pen

• A lead case

• A Small Screwdriver

The instruments in an instrument box are made of nickel coated steel or brass.

The Compasses

A pair of compasses are used to draw circles and arcs. Compasses are used in conjunction with scales (rulers).

Large compasses

Large compasses are used to draw circles up to 100 mm diameter. For drawing circles of more than 100 mm diameter, a lengthening bar is used.

Bow compasses

Bow compasses are used for drawing small circles up to 25 mm diameter.

The Dividers

Dividers are used in conjunction with scales.

Plain Dividers

Plain dividers are used to divide straight or curved lines into a prescribed number of equal parts, for transferring dimensions and for setting of distances from a scale to drawings.

Bow Dividers

Bow dividers are used to hold precise distances for dividing or transferring.

Inking Pen

An inking pen is used to draw straight or curved lines in tracing ink.

Lead Case

A lead case is used to store pencil leads.

Small screwdriver

A screwdriver is used to tune the screws in the instruments.

The Setsquares

Setsquares are used to draw parallel and perpendicular lines. Setsquares are made of transparent celluloid or acrylic and may also contain French curves.

The Procircle

A procircle is circular in shape. Its periphery is divided into 0.5° graduations that are used to mark and measure angles. It also has circular holes of different sizes that may be used to draw circles of specific diameter.

The Scales

Scales or rulers are devices with precise graduations marked on their straight edges for precise measurements.

Scales are made of celluloid or cardboard. Eight types of scales are used (M1, M2,..,M8) as per

BIS 10713 - 1983.

Scale of a Drawing

The drawing of an object is usually produced to a definite proportion with respect to the actual size of the object. This ratio is called the "scale of drawing".

Drawing to Full scale: When a drawing is produced to a size equal to that of the object, the drawing is said to be drawn to "full scale".

Drawing to a reduced scale: When a drawing is produced to a size smaller than that of the object, the drawing is said to be drawn to a "reduced scale".

Drawing to an enlarged scale: When a drawing is produced to a size greater than that of the object, the drawing is said to be drawn to an "enlarged scale".

DrawingPencils

Drawing pencils are of different grades.

The HB pencil is a soft grade used for drawing thick lines, borderlines, lettering and arrowheads. The H pencil is used to draw finishing lines, visible lines and hidden lines.

The 2H pencil is a hard grade pencil used for drawing construction lines, dimension lines, centre lines and section lines.

Other grades are used for artistic application.

Eraser

An eraser is a good quality rubber that is used to erase unwanted lines, arcs etc., from a drawing.

Clips

Drawing clips are used to fix the drawing sheet on the drawing board. They are made of nickel- coated steel.

Cello tape (Adhesive tape) may also be used in place of clips to fix the drawing sheet on the board.

Sharpener and Emery Paper

A pencil sharpener is used to give pencils with good drawing tips. Emery paper (120 grade) is used to obtain a conical or chisel tipped pencil.

French curves

French curves are used for drawing irregular curves that cannot be drawn by compasses.

BIS & ISO Drawing Conventions

The International Standards Organization (ISO) Geneva has formulated International standards for Engineering Drawing. The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) previously known as Indian Standards Institution (ISI) has adopted the ISO standards. The ISO standards are applicable to the following topics:

• Layout of Drawing sheet

• Line Types

• Lettering in Drawing

• Dimensioning Methods

• Arrows

Layout of Drawing Sheet

Engineering students generally use A2 or A3 size drawing sheets. After fixing the drawing sheet on to the drawing board, the "Border lines" and the "Title block" are first drawn.

The Borderlines:

An ideal working space for drawing is obtained by drawing the borderlines. The following steps are involved in drawing the borderlines:

Draw a filing margin of 30 mm width at the left-hand edge of he drawing sheet.

Provide margins of a minimum of 10 mm each at the top, bottom and right side of the drawing sheet. Use an HB pencil for drawing the borderlines.

Numerical Methods - Solution of Equation and Eigen Value Problems (Unit 1) - Question Bank

Numerical Methods - Solution of Equation and Eigen Value Problems (Unit 1) - Question Bank

Scan Version

Download:

NM-unit1.pdf

Communication Theory - Unit 1 (Amplitude Modulation Sys) Question Bank with Answers

Communication Theory

QUESTION BANK

UNIT I

AMPLITUDE MODULATION SYSTEMS

PART A

1. State any two important spectral properties of periodic power signals.

• Linearity
• Time shift
• Frequency Shift.

2. Define amplitude modulation. Give the expression for AM wave.

It is the process by which the amplitude of the carrier wave is changed in Accordance with the instantaneous value of the message signal,

3. A transmitter radiates 9 kW without modulation and 10.125 kW after modulation. Determine depth of modulation.

4. A 5O0 W carrier is modulated to a depth of 60 percent Calculate the total power in modulated wave.

5. Define VSB transmission.Mention its application

Definition:
One of he sideband is partially Suppressed and portion of the other sideband is transmied. This portion compensates the suppression of the sideband. It is called vestigial sideband transmission.

Application:

VSB is mainly used in TV transmission

6. Compare low level modulation and high level modulation.

7 An AM transmitter radiates 10 KW of power without modulation With 0 65 depth of modulation
what is the radiated power?

8. A carrier is amplitude modulated to a depth of 75 percent. Calculate the total Power in the modulated wave, if the carrier power is 40 watt.

9. SSB is suitable for speech signals and not for video signals. Why?

To generate SSB,the message spectrum must have an energy gap centered at the origin. . This criteria is satisfied by speech signais, for which the energy gap is from -300 Hz to +300 Hz(600 Hz wide).

Hence any one sideband can be easily isolated with the help of practical band pass fliters. But in case of video signals, there is no such energy gap near origin. In other words, the video signal extends from DC origin. Hence lower and upper side bands are practically joined at origin. Hence with the help of practical band pass filters, it is not possible to isolate one sideband from other. Hence for video signals vestigial sideband transmission is suitable, rather than SSB.

10. As related to AM what is over modulation, under modulation and 100% modulation?
(OR)
When does a carrier is said to be over, under moaulated in Amplitude modulation?

In the case of Under modulation, modulation index ma<1(Le.)Vmc. Here. the envelope of Amplitude modulated signal does not reach the Zero amplitude axis. Hence the Message signal is fully preserved in the envelope of the AM Wave. In the case of Over modulation, modulation index m>1(i.e.)Vm>Vc. Here the envelope of Amplitude modulated signal crosses the zero axis.

In-the case critical modulation modulation index ma=1(i e )Vm=Vc. Here the envelope of the modulate signal just reaches the zero amplitude axis.. The message signal remains preserved.

11.Define Modulation index of an signal.

It is defined as the ratio of the maximum modulating voltage to the maximum carrier voltage. It is also called as ‘Depth of modulation'.
                                              m=Vm/Vc

12. Draw the Spectrum of DSBFC. 

13. Distinguish between low level and high level modulator.

14. Define FDM & frequency translation.

Frequency translation:
The single sideband modulation basically performs frequency translation. it is also called frequency changing, mixing or heterodyning. the single sideband modulation the message spectrum is shifted by an amount equal to the carrier frequency fc

FDM:
For voice transmission, the frequency range of 300 to 3400 Hz is used. when more number of such voice channels are to be transmitted then each channel is given a fixed frequency slot and then transmitted. This is called Frequency Division Multiplexing.

15. What do you mean by image frequency ?

The local osccillator (fo), input signal frequency (f) and If some other frequency, f = fsi + 2fi appears at the input of mixer, then it produces fi at the output of the mixer fsi image frequency.

16. Why we need modulation?

Needs for modulation:
1 .Ease of transmission
2. Multiplexing
3 .Reduced noise
4.Narrow bandwidth
5.Frequency assignment
6.Reduce the equipments limitations.

17. What is the power saving in DSB-SC-AM and SSB-SC AM?
Power saving in DSB-Sc-AM is 66.7%.
Power saving in SSB-Sc-AM is 83.3%.

18. What are the advantages of VSB-AM?
1. It has bandwidth greater than SSB but less than DSB system.
2. Power transmission greater thañ DSB but less than SSB system.
3. No low frequency component lost. Hence it avoids phase distortion.

19. How will you generating DSB-SC-AM?
(OR)
Give the two methods of generating D SB-SC-AM.

There are two ways of generating DSB Sc-AM such as

• balanced modulator
• ring modulators

20.Compare linear and non-linear modulators.

21. What are advantages of ring modulator?

1. Its output is stable.
2. It requires no external power source to activate the diodes.
3. virtually no maintenance.
4.Long life

22. DSB-SC and SSB-SC:

DSB-SC

I. Suppression of carrier results in economy of power.
2. It is commonly used in carrier current telephony system, in which one sideband is filtered out to reduce the width of the channel required for transmission.

3. It offers secrecy.
4. It increases the efficiency because the carrier is suppressed.

SSB-SC
. 1. Bandwidth of SSB is half that of DSB-SC AM. Thus twice the number of channels can be accommodated at a given frequency spectrum.
2. No carrier is transmitted, hence possibility of interference with other channels are avoided.

3. It eliminates the possibility of fading. Fading occurs due to multipath propagation of electro magnetic waves.

23. Give the methods of generating SSB-SC-AM. And mention Some applications of SSB-SC

The two methods of generating the SSB-SC waves are

1. Frequency discrimination or Filter method.
2. Phase discrimination method.

Applications:

1. Police Wireless cornmunióation
2. SSB telegraph system ,
3. Point to point radio telephone communication
4. VHF and UHF communication systems.

24. What is single tone and multi tone modulation?

If modulation is performed for a message signal with more than one frequency component then the
modulation is called multi tone modulation.
If modulation is performed for a message signal with one frequency component then the modulation is
called single tone modulation.

25. Compare AM with DSB-SC and SSB-SC.

26. A transmitter supplies 8 Kw to the antenna when modulated. Determine the total power radiated when modulated to 30%.

27. The antenna current of an AM transitter is 8A when only carrier is sent. It increases to 8.93A when the carrier is modulated by single sine wave. Find the percentage modulation.

Solution :

Ic = 8A

It = 8.93 A

m = 0.8

28. A 1MMz carrier is amplitude modulated by 400Hz modulating signal to a depth of 50%.The modulated carrier power is 1KW.Calculate the power of the unmodulated signal.

Solution : 

Part B

l.Describe the generation of SSB wave using phase shift method. (16)

2.How does a balanced modulator produce an output consisting of sidebands only without carrier? (16)

3. Explain the generation and detection of AM signals.(16).

4.Discuss the detections scheme for AM(with carrier).(16)

5. Explain the operation of a ring modulator. State its advantages. (16) .

6.(i)Explain frequency translation (6)

(ii) Explain frequency division multiplexing.(6)

ii) Compare AM ard FM (4)

7. Draw the block diagram for the generation and demodulation of a VSB signai and explain the principle of operation. (16)

8. . Explain the double side suppressed carrier modulation technique. (16)

9.Explain about coherent detector to detect SSB-SC signal. (16)

10.Discus the coherent detection of DSB-SC modulated wave with a block diagram,. of detector and  explain. (16)

11.Expain the generation of AM signals using square law modul . (16)

12 .i) Explain the detection of AM signals using envelope detector. , (8)

ii) How SSB can be generated using Weaver’s method? Illustrate with a neat block diagram.. (8)

Anna University - Electrical Machine - 1 - Lab Manual

Provided by :

P.Vignesh

EEE/Dept

Contents:

1. Open circuit and load characteristics of separately and self excited DC shunt generators.
2. Load characteristics of DC compound generator with differential and cumulative connection.
3. Load characteristics of DC shunt and compound motor.
4. Load characteristics of DC series motor.
5. Swinburne’s test and speed control of DC shunt motor.
6. Hopkinson’s test on DC motor – generator set.
7. Load test on single-phase transformer and three phase transformer connections.
8. Open circuit and short circuit tests on single phase transformer.
9. Sumpner’s test on transformers.
10. Separation of no-load losses in single phase transformer.

Download :

EM-1-Lab Manual.pdf (21 mb)

ANNA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MADURAI - 3rd,5th,7th Semester - NOV / DEC 2011 UG / PG PROVISIONAL Exam RESULTS

Anna University of Technology - Madurai

Anna university of Technology - madurai has announced the result for exam held on November / December 2011. Candidates can check their result via the link given below.

 Direct Link : http://27.251.27.100/autv2/resultmain.aspx

Main Link : http://autmdu.ac.in/

Anna University - Probability and Queueing Theory - Pen Version Lectures

Contents :

• UNIT I - RANDOM VARIABLES
• UNIT II - TWO DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES
• UNIT III - MARKOV PROCESSES AND MARKOV CHAINS
• UNIT IV - QUEUEING THEORY
• UNIT V - NON-MARKOVIAN QUEUES AND QUEUE NETWORKS

Download :

Prob-Que.pdf (15 mb)

Anna University - Ph.D course work and PG part time exam fees

CIRCULAR

The Ph.D Scholars (Part Time / Full Time) admitted during January & July 2011 sessions of Anna University of Technology Chennal who are attending the regular course work along with PG Students are informed to pay their examination fee (Rs. 300/- per subject) at their college where they are undergoing the course work. The Principal of the college is requested to collect fee in the form of DD drawn in favour of "the Controller of Examinations", "Anna University of Technology Chennai’ along with the duly filled in registration form (Form 11 A) and send it to COE office of AUTC, CPT Campus, Taramani, on or before December 01, 2011.

Candidates who have already registered for the January / February 2012 examination need not to register again.

Part Time PG students who are doing course work along with I semester regular PG Students are requested to register with AUTC for the January / February 2012 semester examinations to be conducted by Anna University Chennai. The Affiliated Colleges offering Part Time PG courses are advised to send the manual registration forms through e-mail in an excel format on or before December 01, 2011.

Download the registration form :

resform11a.pdf (1.0 mb)

Anna University of Technology Chennai,
CPT Campus, Taramani, Chennai

Anna University of Tech - Chennai - All Regular and Part Time programmes, Arrear, Revaluation and Review results of June 2011 examinations result

CONTROLLER OF EXAMINATIONS 

EXAMINATION RESULTS PORTAL

Enter Your Registration No	:
Exam ResultSet	:	2011 Jun AUTC Results

Disclaimer: The result published at www.annatech.ac.in is provisional only. The University is not responsible for any inadvertent error that may have crept in the data / results being published on the Net. This is being published on the Net just for immediate information to the examinees. The Grade Sheets to be issued by the University should only be treated authentic and final in this regard.

Anna University - Communication Theory - Pdf Lectures

Thanks to : 

Ms. S. THENMOZHI/ Lecturer/ECE

NPR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY.

Contents:

• UNIT 1 AMPLITUDE MODULATION SYSTEMS
• UNIT II ANGLE MODULATION SYSTEMS
• UNIT III NOISE THEORY
• UNIT IV PERFORMANCE OF CW MODULATION SYSTEMS
• UNIT V INFORMATION THEORY

Download :

CT-NOL.pdf (3 mb)

Anna University - Electronics Circuits II - Pdf Version Lectures with Question Bank

Thanks to:
Mrs.N.Kaliammal,Prof/ECE

NPR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY.

Contents :

• UNIT I RECTIFIERS AND POWER SUPPLIES
• UNIT II OSCILLATORS
• UNIT III TUNED AMPLIFIERS
• UNIT IV WAVE SHAPING AND MULTIVIBRATOR CIRCUITS
• UNIT V BLOCKING OSCILLATORS AND TIMEBASE GENERATORS

Download :

EC-II-NOL.pdf (1.8 mb)

International Conference on Functional Genomics and Computational Biology (icfgcb2012) - (05/01/2012) - SASTRA University

Symposium Name :
International Conference on Functional Genomics and Computational Biology.

Symposium Date Time : 5/1/2012 (5th January 2012)

Symposium Web Site: http://www.sastra.edu/icfgcb2012

Symposium Details :

The massive amount of information and sequence data that emerged from the Human Genome Project has opened new vistas for exploring the functional role of genes. Applications of machine learning techniques, Next Generation Sequencing, system biology and microarrays have intensified the understanding of the disparate phenotypic expressions of genes and their mutants leading to significant advancements in the study of disease. 

The International Conference on Functional Genomics and Computational Biology will address the advances in the field in areas as neuroinformatics, systems biology, gene expression and next generation sequencing besides structural biology initiatives and drug design that have captured the interest the past decade. This Conference brings together high profile rese! archers from the academic and industrial arena to discuss the evolving trends in the field and would provide an ideal platform for understanding newer directions and opportunities in the field.

College/University Name : SASTRA University

College/university Address : 

Dept of Bioinformatics
SASTRA University
Tirumalaisamudram
Tanjore - 613401

College/University Phone Number : 04362-264101

Registration details:

Registration fee for participants:

Participants	Early Bird (Upto Jan 02, 2011)	After Early Bird (From Jan 03, 2012 to Jan 04, 2012)
Indian Students*	Rs. 1000	Rs. 1250
Faculty	Rs. 2000	Rs. 3000
Foreign Delegates	USD 100	USD 125
Corporates	Rs. 5000	Rs. 6000

*Students: Students must provide a copy of their Student identification card.

The above fee include:

·         Participation in all scientific sessions

·         Conference publications

·         Access to the Exhibition Area

·         Invitation to the Welcome Reception

·         Lunches and coffee breaks

ACCOUNT DETAILS:

The fee amount should be transferred to the following account.

Account Number	179801000018882
Account Name	ICFGCB 2012
Bank Name	Indian overseas Bank
Branch	SASTRA
NEFT Code	IOBA0001798

Registration Form : 

Click Here to Register Online

Contact Details :

Convener
Dr.M.Vijayalakshmi
Dept of Bioinformatics
SASTRA University
Tirumalaisamudram
Tanjore - 613401

Ph: 04362-264101 (Extn : 678)
e-mail: genomics@sastra.edu
---
Co-ordinators
Mr. B Alex Stanley : +91-98949 52232
Apoorva Babu : +91-94449 66380
M.Krishna Nishand: +91-97159 59511

---
Treasurer
Eranti Pradeep Kumar : +91-99528 92249

Email : epradeep.kumar1439@gmail.com

Anna University - Control System - Pdf Version Lectures

Thanks to :

A.R.SALINIDEVI Lect/EEE

NPR COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Contents :

UNIT I CONTROL SYSTEM MODELING

UNIT II TIME RESPONSE ANALYSIS

UNIT III FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYSIS

UNIT IV STABILITY ANALYSIS

UNIT V STATE VARIABLE ANALYSIS & DIGITAL CONTROL 

SYSTEMS

Download :

CS-NOL.pdf (2.8 mb)